Radical Nephrectomy (RN) is a surgical procedure that involves the complete removal of a kidney along with surrounding structures, including the adrenal gland, fatty tissues around the kidney, and nearby lymph nodes, if necessary. It is primarily performed to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or other malignant conditions affecting the kidney.
Indications for Radical Nephrectomy
- Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): Tumors larger than 7 cm or locally advanced kidney cancer.
- Large or Invasive Tumors: Cancer invading nearby structures or major blood vessels.
- Non-Functional Kidney Due to Severe Disease: Severe trauma, infection, or chronic obstruction causing irreparable damage.
- Metastatic Cancer with Kidney Involvement: Removal of the kidney to control disease progression.
How is Radical Nephrectomy Performed?
- Preoperative Evaluation: Imaging (CT, MRI, or ultrasound) to assess tumor size, location, and spread.
- Anesthesia:Performed under general anesthesia.
- Procedure Steps: The renal artery and vein are clamped and ligated.
Benefits of Radical Nephrectomy
- Complete Removal of Cancerous Tissue: Reduces the risk of recurrence.
- Effective Treatment for Large or Aggressive Tumors: Provides the best chance for disease control.
- Minimally Invasive Options Available: Faster recovery with laparoscopic or robotic techniques.
- Prevents Cancer Spread: Early removal prevents metastasis to other organs.
Radical Nephrectomy is a definitive and highly effective procedure for treating advanced kidney cancer or severely damaged kidneys. By removing the entire kidney and surrounding tissues, it ensures better cancer control and reduces the risk of recurrence, making it the preferred choice for managing large or invasive kidney tumors.
